| By contrast, reduced activation in the mesencephalic brainstem and the thalamus was noted to be exclusively associated with mental relaxation. |
| Rarely, vertigo results from a brainstem cerebrovascular accident, intracranial lesion, or migraine. |
| The brainstem consists of the midbrain, pons and medulla, structures located deep in the back of the brain. |
| The brainstem has been cut through the inferior colliculi and the decussation of the superior cerebellar peduncles. |
| Locked-in syndrome is caused either by a lesion in the brainstem or by extensive demyelination, denying the brain its peripheral connections. |
| Once generated in the brainstem, ventilatory activity in eupnea and gasping is conveyed via the same cranial and spinal nerves. |
