| At sea, the Ming became increasingly isolationist after the death of the Yongle Emperor. |
|
| The fleet departed in the fifth year, late 1407 or possibly early 1408, of the Yongle reign. |
|
| The Taizong Shilu 23 October, 1407, entry recorded that the Yongle Emperor summoned the Javanese ambassadors. |
|
| On 18 December 1412, the Yongle Emperor issued the order for the fourth voyage. |
|
| Sekandar was presented to the Yongle Emperor at the palace gate and later executed. |
|
| The Yongle Emperor had been absent since 16 March 1413 for his second Mongol campaign and hadn't returned when the fleet arrived. |
|
| The Yongle Emperor was still in Beijing at the time, but he ordered the Ministry of Rites to give monetary rewards to the fleet's personnel. |
|
| Zheng He found that the Yongle Emperor had died during his absence after he returned from Palembang. |
|
| He wished to revert the relocation of the imperial capital from Nanjing to Beijing, which had happened during the Yongle reign. |
|
| The emperor wished to reinvigorate the tributary relations that had been promoted during the Yongle reign. |
|
| The Yongle Emperor had extended imperial control over foreign lands during the span of the voyages. |
|
| During the course of the voyages, the Yongle Emperor reasserted the political and cultural hegemony of Ming China over all others. |
|
| Despite the criticism, the Yongle Emperor was keen on continuing his grand plans. |
|
| On 29 October 1407, the Yongle Emperor ordered rewards for the personnel who had fought at Palembang. |
|
| He is mentioned in the Taizong Shilu of the Yongle reign, the Renzong Shilu of the Hongxi reign, and the Xuanzong Shilu of the Xuande reign. |
|
| Ma was sent to serve in the household of Zhu Di, the Prince of Yan, who later became the Yongle Emperor. |
|
| Later the Yongle Emperor of the Ming dynasty also mentioned the discrimination that existed during the Yuan dynasty. |
|
| His grandfather, Yongle Emperor, had high hopes that he might play an important part to assist his father. |
|
| In 1403, Ahacu, chieftain of Huligai, paid tribute to the Yongle Emperor of the Ming dynasty. |
|
| The Yongle Emperor was determined to wrest the Jurchens out of Korean influence and have China dominate them instead. |
|
|
|
| The capital was initially set at Nanjing, and was later moved to Beijing from Yongle Emperor's reign onward. |
|
| Consequently, after the death of the Yongle Emperor, independent peasant landholders predominated in Chinese agriculture. |
|
| When Zheng He returned from Palembang, he found that the Yongle Emperor had died during his absence. |
|
| Likewise, the famous walls of the Forbidden City in Beijing were established in the early 15th century by the Yongle Emperor. |
|
| These scholars completed the monumental Yongle Encyclopedia during his reign. |
|
| The Yongle Emperor died while personally leading a military campaign against the Mongols. |
|
| The Yongle Emperor followed traditional rituals closely and held many popular beliefs. |
|
| When it was time for him to choose an heir, the Yongle Emperor wanted to choose his second son, Zhu Gaoxu. |
|
| After the Yongle Emperor's overthrow of the Jianwen Emperor, China's countryside was devastated. |
|
| The Yongle Emperor laid out a long and extensive plan to strengthen and stabilise the new economy, but first he had to silence dissension. |
|
| In fact, the Yongle Emperor's original idea for the memorial was to erect an unprecedented stele 73 metres tall. |
|
| On the advice of fengshui experts, the Yongle Emperor chose a site north of Beijing, where he and his successors were to be buried. |
|
| The Yongle Emperor's tolerance of Chinese ideas that did not agree with his own philosophies was well known. |
|
| Great lengths were taken by the Yongle Emperor to eradicate Mongol culture from China. |
|
| Tang Taizong was cited by Yongle as his model for being familiar with both China and the steppe people. |
|
| Vietnam was a significant source of difficulties during the Yongle Emperor's reign. |
|
| In response to this insult, the Yongle Emperor sent two armies led by Zhang Fu and Mu Sheng to conquer Vietnam. |
|
| The Yongle Emperor's successors, the Hongxi and Xuande Emperors, felt that the costly expeditions were harmful to the Ming Empire. |
|
| China attained ascendancy in trade with the area in the Yongle Emperor's reign. |
|
| On 1 April 1424, the Yongle Emperor launched a large campaign into the Gobi Desert to chase an army of fleeing Tatars. |
|
|
|
| Many have seen the Yongle Emperor as in a lifelong pursuit of power, prestige, and glory. |
|
| The Yongle Emperor may have suffered from undisclosed impotence in his later life. |
|
| Yongle demoted Nanjing to a secondary capital and in 1403 announced the new capital of China was to be at his power base in Beijing. |
|
| Under the reign of the Yongle Emperor, Ming China underwent a military expansionism that also included the treasure voyages. |
|
| In 1403, the Yongle Emperor issued an imperial order to start the immense construction project of the treasure fleet. |
|
| The Yongle Emperor appointed Admiral Zheng He to command the treasure fleet. |
|
| The Yongle Emperor held a banquet for the crew on the evening before the fleet's maiden voyage. |
|
| Zheng's fleet also became involved in a conflict in Sri Lanka, where the King of Ceylon traveled back to Ming China afterwards to make a formal apology to the Yongle Emperor. |
|
| One of the Yongle Emperor's consorts was a Jurchen princess, which resulted in many of the eunuchs serving him being of Jurchen origin, notably Yishiha. |
|
| Thereafter, he presented the Sinhalese captives to the Yongle Emperor. |
|
| States in Luzon, Sulu, Sumatra, and Brunei all established diplomatic relations with the Ming Empire and exchanged envoys and sent tribute to the Yongle Emperor. |
|
| The Yongle Emperor lived in Nanjing from 1402 to shortly after ordering the third voyage in 1409, when he left to supervise the building of a new capital at Beijing. |
|
| Deshin Shekpa convinced the Yongle Emperor that there were different religions for different people, which does not mean that one is better than the others. |
|
| Frustrated at his inability to catch up with his swift opponents, Yongle fell into a deep depression and then into illness, possibly owing to a series of minor strokes. |
|
| At Java, the fleet delivered gifts and favors from the Yongle Emperor. |
|
| After the voyages, subsequent Ming emperors would reject the Yongle Emperor's policy of bringing the maritime trade into the structure of the tributary system. |
|
| The Yongle Emperor also worked to reclaim production rich regions such as the Lower Yangtze Delta and called for a massive reconstruction of the Grand Canal. |
|
| The Yongle Emperor ambitiously planned to move his capital to Beijing. |
|
| The Yongle Emperor strenuously tried to extend China's influence beyond its borders by demanding other rulers send ambassadors to China to present tribute. |
|
| On 14 November 1416, the Yongle Emperor returned to Nanjing. |
|
|
|
| The Yongle Emperor sponsored and created many cultural traditions. |
|
| The book, named the Yongle Encyclopedia, is still considered one of the most marvellous human achievements in history, despite it being gradually lost by time. |
|
| On 19 November, a grand ceremony was held where the Yongle Emperor bestowed gifts to princes, civil officials, military officers, and the ambassadors of 18 countries. |
|
| That day, the Yongle Emperor ordered the undertaking of fifth voyage, which had the avowed objective to return the 18 ambassadors and to reward their kings. |
|
| The giraffe was presented as the qilin, but this association was met with a dismissive attitude from the Yongle Emperor who rejected the laudatory memorials of his officials. |
|
| On 29 October 1407, the Yongle Emperor issued an order to reward the officers and other crew members who went to battle against Chen Zuyi's pirate fleet at Palambeng. |
|
| On 14 May 1421, the Yongle Emperor had ordered the temporary suspension of the voyages, but the suspension ultimately came to last to the end of his reign. |
|
| Emperor Yongle designed them to establish a Chinese presence, impose imperial control over trade, and impress foreign peoples in the Indian Ocean basin. |
|
| On 30 January 1406, the Yongle Emperor expressed horror when the Ryukyuans castrated some of their own children to become eunuchs to serve in the Ming imperial palace. |
|
